Ref. Ares(2018)4147635 - 07/08/2018
ANNEX 1
ECHO E-SINGLE FORM
Section 3.1.2 - Assessment methodology
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Programme monitoring
WFP conducts regular programme monitoring in assisted locations to verify the implementation of
WFP activities, measure the impact of the assistance provided and gather data on households’ food
security.
WFP conducts direct-monitoring of its activities where the security situation permits to ensure that
assistance reaches beneficiaries through dedicated monitoring teams, consisting of nineteen staff
members based in five offices across Syria. In highly insecure areas monitoring is conducted by
Project Facilitators from Third Party Monitoring companies that are contracted and trained to
conduct such monitoring exercise both inside Syria and cross borders.
Monitoring activities are implemented through both on-site and post-distribution visits using
systematic data collection tools for the selected indicators to inform on progress and achievement
of results, through process, output and outcome monitoring. This enables WFP to rely on regular
and timely updates on the food security situation in Syria, which, in turn, inform programmatic
choices and enables evidence-based implementation adjustments. In particular, outcome
monitoring, performed using the the Post Distribution Monitoring tool administered to randomly
selected households two weeks after food distribution, enables WFP to keep track of food security
indicators including food consumption levels, dietary diversity and coping strategies applied by
beneficiaries. In addition, data collected using tool include beneficiary perceptions regarding
crosscutting indicators such as gender and decision making on utilization of food assistance.
Market Assessments
Due to the fact that most of Syrians depend on market purchase as primary source of their food
requirements, WFP Syria established a market monitoring system in October 2014 and have been
producing and disseminating a market watch report on a monthly basis. The main purpose of the
market watch is to monitor market conditions, track changes on prices of essential commodities
and investigate issues affecting markets and thereby assess the impact on food security conditions
of the population in Syria.
The market monitoring system uses the standard market analysis tools and methods developed by
WFP HQ VAM. It uses both primary and secondary data. Primary data is collected from 27 major
market across the country. The secondary information is gathered from various sources that
include CBS and different web-based resources including FAO.
Results of the market monitoring are published on the monthly market watch report. The content
of the report includes Inflation and Consumer Price Index (CPI), wholesale prices of essential
commodities including wheat and wheat flour, availability/supply situation, retail prices of wheat
and wheat flour, terms of trade between labour and wheat flour as well as between livestock and
wheat flour, international food market prices and summary of trends of prices. The monthly market
monitoring/watch reports can be found at http://www.wfp.org/content/Syria-monthly-market-
watch-2015
3.1.3 Problem, needs and risk analysis
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This lack of infrastructure burdens an already weakened education system, and contributes to
additional barriers to child education. When the conflict started, Syria had a net enrolment ratio of
99 percent. According to preliminary results of the “Syria Education Sector Analysis 2014-2015”,
and data from the Education Management Information System (EMIS), aggregate enrolment and
attendance rates have sharply declined since the onset of the crisis. At the beginning of the 2014-
2015 school year, 3.7 million children were enrolled in primary schools representing a 33 percent
decrease in enrolment from pre-crisis rates; the most significant negative trends have occurred in
Rural Damascus, Damascus, Aleppo, Dar’a, Quneitra and Homs. Currently, approximately 2 million
children are not attending school in stark contrast to 0.9 million in the first year of the conflict. .
Over two million children inside Syria are either out of school or attending classes irregularly. This
number had peaked to 2.8 million in 2012, and decreased subsequently due to the outflow of
migrants from the country. Overall, attendance rates have also shown downward trends over the
past five years, with the worst cases showing drops by 70 percent. Particularly, in hard-to-reach
areas children are most at risk of dropping out of the formal education system, with attendance
rates registering rates well below the national average.
3.2.4 Beneficiaries: Selection criteria
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[MR] As outlined in Annex VII, the milk may on an exceptional basis also be reallocated to the
emergency food assistance programme, when required by operational conditions. The targeted
beneficiaries will be children aged 5-12 years in families that are currently assisted under the
emergency food assistance programme. Awareness raising labels will be placed on the packed milk
cartons to avoid any misuse of the commodity.
4.6 - Contingency measures (plan B/mitigating actions to be taken if risks and assumptions
materialised)
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5. Unstable, irregular and insufficient funding. Ensuring an adequate level of funding in a
predictable and consistent manner remains a challenge in the face of multiple global crises and
over-stretched donor resources. WFP will continue to broaden its donor base to include non-
traditional donors. Improved targeting will inform WFP prioritization and contingency plans,
should it prove necessary to scale back assistance.
6. Manipulation of aid for political, military or financial gain. In order to protect the humanitarian
space and uphold humanitarian principles, WFP continues to adopt a conflict-sensitive approach
to its humanitarian assistance. WFP’s continued presence in Syria obliges it to work with
partners to deliver food assistance to Syrians in need in all parts of the country. Within the
framework of UNSC resolutions 2139, 2165, 2191 and 2258 WFP has been increasing cross-
border and cross-line deliveries to provide food assistance in hard to reach areas. Monitoring
activities have been strengthened to detect aid diversions and track the unintended impact of
WFP assistance on the conflict. WFP will continue to seek ways to complement peace building
efforts.
7. Constraints to humanitarian access. WFP continues to support the efforts of the United Nations
Country Team (UNCT) to advocate for unimpeded access to provide humanitarian assistance in
all areas of greatest needs. Special measures are being taken to ensure the safe passage of
humanitarian convoys, both cross-line and cross-border. To the extent possible, WFP verifies
food security information through beneficiary contact monitoring at distribution sites, tracking
food prices, and triangulation of data from different sources. Subject to security and other
conditions, WFP is continually seeking to extend the reach of these activities.
8. Limited capacity of Cooperating Partners. Efforts will continue to be made to strengthen
capacities of local implementing partners, including through the provision of equipment and
specific trainings as necessary.
9. Looting or misappropriation of WFP food. WFP applies the highest standards of security to its
operations and closely monitors the situation on ground to assess risk levels. Through its
partners, and strategic field presence in Aleppo, Homs, Tartous, Lattakia and Qamishly, WFP has
established a solid reputation and will continue to engage with local authorities and community
leaders to ensure safe passage of humanitarian assistance. At the same time, WFP has expanded
its contracted transporters, ensuring the best possible access to, knowledge of, and acceptance
in target locations. In hotspot areas, inter-agency convoys will continue to be efficiently used.
Alternative means of delivery, including deliveries from Turkey and other alternative overland
corridors and packaging outside of Syria, allows WFP to circumnavigate some of the most high-
risk areas. When deliveries reach an area subject to particular security concerns, WFP urges
partners to expedite the distribution of the supplies, and avoid storing stocks in insecure areas to
minimise the risk of misappropriation of WFP items in the event of shifts in control patterns. In
addition, following instances of aid misappropriation, WFP suspended all activities in ISIL
controlled areas, as partners are unable to operate independently and neutrally in these areas.
10. Negative media portrayal of WFP and its cooperating partners: In all public communications,
WFP will continue to highlight its neutral and independent humanitarian mandate, and that of
its cooperating partners. Outreach efforts will continue to increase awareness of WFP’s
mandate.