INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL
MINISTERIO DE
DE OCEANOGRAFIA
ECONOMIA Y
COMPETITIVIDAD
Area de Pesquerías
INFORME: ASESORAMIENTO PARA APORTAR INFORMACIÓN CIENTÍFICA
A UNA SOLICITUD DE INFORMACIÓN COMPLEMENTARIA SOBRE EL
ESTUDIO DE LA MERLUZA PARA LA SOLICITUD DEL "DE MÍNIMIS" Y LA DE
LAS CIGALAS
SOLICITANTE: Pilar Vara del Rio, Subdirección General de Protección de los Recursos
Pesqueros (Secretaría General de Pesca, MAPAMA).
ANTECEDENTES
Se solicita el 27/06/2017 por parte de la Secretaría de Pesca (SGP) al Instituto Español
de Oceanografía (IEO), asesoramiento para aportar información científica a una
solicitud de información complementaria sobre el estudio de la merluza para la
solicitud del
de mínimis y la de las cigalas, realizada por Francia a requerimiento de la
Comisión Europea. La información se requiere de forma urgente antes de la reunión
plenaria del STECF (10/07/2017).
COMENTARIOS (en inglés)
1. FOR THE HAKE EXEMPTION REQUEST :
1.1. Additional information of the economic impact of increasing selectivity and of
sorting and handling catch:
Rodríguez-Rodríguez et al. (2017) recreated a scenario where the landing
obligation would apply to megrims, hake, horse mackerel, anglerfish, Norway lobster,
blue whiting and mackerel. Taking data recorded on a seven-day trip onboard a coastal
bottom trawler working at ICES8c9a, they determined that the onboard handling time
of the discarded quantities of these 7 species would amount to 43 hours of work on
board. They concluded that if that time were discounted from fishing tasks, the cost of
reassigning the work on board for the treatment of fish would amount to € 10,134.
This case study is part of the work being undertaken for the project LIFE+ iSEAS.
The results are preliminary and further work is needed to evaluate the potential costs
of the implementation of the landing obligation in this fishery. Therefore, these results
are not definitive and new estimates are being calculated to complement and test the
results of the study. Results are expected to be published in late 2017.
The potential economic impact of changes in selectivity in trawlers is beginning
to be addressed in the framework of the fisheries selectivity and high survival study
projects carried out by the IEO with the Spanish administration (Secretaria de Pesca),
1
INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL
MINISTERIO DE
DE OCEANOGRAFIA
ECONOMIA Y
COMPETITIVIDAD
Area de Pesquerías
with the col aboration of the Research group in fishing economy of the University of
Santiago de Compostela.
Reference:
Rodríguez-Rodríguez, G., Bal esteros, H.M. & García-Negro, M. do C., 2017.A report of
economic benefits of the project at vessel and sectorial level. Project Life iSeas (LIFE13
ENV/ES/000131), Deliverable C2.2 (Unpublished).
1.2. Information about the fleets and fisheries concerned by the exemption.
The Spanish bottom trawl operating in the Northern and Western coastal
waters (ICES Divisions VIIIc and IXa) is formed by vessels of 28 m average length. Three
métiers operate on the continental shelf and upper slope from the southern Bay of
Biscay to the northwest Spanish Iberian waters. The minimum depth for activity of this
fleet is fixed to 100 meters.
1. Otter bottom trawl targeting demersal species (OTB_DEF_>=55) in north
Spanish Iberian waters (‘
Baca’). This metier targets demersal species, standing
out hake (
Merluccius merluccius), megrims (
Lepidorhombus bosci and
L.
whiffiagonis) and anglerfish (
Lophius piscatorius and
L. budegassa) al year
round with the highest landings in spring and summer. They are based in 12
fishing ports: Galicia (A Coruña, Burela, Celeiro, Corme, Marin, Muros, Muxia,
Ribeira, Vigo), Asturias (Avilés, Gijón) and Cantabria. The fishing gear used is
characterized by a vertical opening of 1.2-1.5 m and a wingspread of 22-25 m. It
is al owed to use a codend mesh size of 70 mm.
2. Otter bottom trawl targeting pelagic and demersal species (OTB_MPD_>=55) in
Iberian waters (‘
Gran abertura’) is a mixed bottom trawl fishery which takes
place throughout the year. Horse mackerel (
Trachurus trachurus) and mackerel
(
Scomber scombrus) are taken together with other species, mainly hake
(
Merluccius merluccius). Operating in the continental shelf and upper slope of
NW Spanish waters and Cantabrian Sea al year around with a one daily-trip
scheme. Vessels are based in 12 fishing ports: Galicia (A Coruña, Burela, Celeiro,
Corme, Marin, Muros, Muxia, Ribeira, Vigo), Asturias (Avilés, Gijón) and
Cantabria. The fishing gear is characterized by a vertical opening of up to 5.5 m
and a wingspread of 22-25 m. It is al owed to use a codend mesh size of 70 mm.
Otter bottom trawlers are authorized to fish in two metier modalities
(OTB_DEF_>=55 and OTB_MPD_>=55) during the trips, which they carry out by
changing the fishing gear in the hauls and also the fishing strategy (depth,
2
INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL
MINISTERIO DE
DE OCEANOGRAFIA
ECONOMIA Y
COMPETITIVIDAD
Area de Pesquerías
fishing ground, speed) to catch different proportion of pelagic, demersal or
bottom species.
3. Pair bottom trawl targeting pelagic and demersal species (PTB_MPD_>=55) ) in
north Spanish Iberian waters (‘
Pareja’). This metier targets blue whiting
(
Micromesistius poutassou) and hake (
Merluccius merluccius) al around the
year and mackerel (seasonal y). The fleet from 3 ports in Galicia (Ribeira, Celeiro
y Burela) and Aviles (Asturias) operates on the continental shelf and upper
slope of NW Spanish waters and Cantabrian Sea. This fleet uses a 70 mm mesh
size when the hake proportion exceeds 15% in landings, however this same
fleet is al owed to use a minimum mesh size of 55 mm when it is directed to
blue whiting (
Micromesistius poutassou). The code PTB_DEF >=55 comprises
both mesh sizes (55 and 70 mm) due to difficulties to splits trips for each of the
métiers for sampling purposes (DCF Programme).
The Spanish bottom trawl operating in IXa South Iberian waters (Gulf of Cádiz) is
composed of around 150 vessels with an average length of 17.9 m. The minimum trawl
depth is established for a minimum distance to the coast of 6 nautical miles.
4. Otter bottom trawl targeting crustaceans and demersal species
(OTB_MCD_>=55) in south Spanish Iberian waters. This
métier targets
crustaceans and demersal species such as hake (
Merluccius merluccius), rose
shrimp (
Parapenaeus longirostris) and cuttlefish (
Sepia officinalis). The vessels
makes coastal trips targeting caramote prawn, wedge sole and cephalopods,
but also deeper trips targeting blue whiting, hake and deep rose shrimp. The
vessels in this
métier are al owed to use a minimum mesh size of 55 mm.
References:
Rochet M.-J., Arregi, L., Fonseca, T., Pereira, J., Pérez, N., Ruiz, J., and J. Valeiras, 2014. Demersal
discard atlas for the South Western Waters. 121 pp.
Valeiras, J., Pérez, N., Araujo, H., Salinas, I. y J.M. Bel ido, 2014. Atlas de los descartes de la flota
de arrastre y enmal e en el caladero nacional Cantábrico-Noroeste. Instituto Español de
Oceanografía. 122pp
3
INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL
MINISTERIO DE
DE OCEANOGRAFIA
ECONOMIA Y
COMPETITIVIDAD
Area de Pesquerías
2. FOR THE NEPHROPS HAKE EXEMPTION REQUEST:
2 .1 Description about the fleets and fisheries concerned by the exemption.
The Spanish fleets and fisheries concerned by the exemption are the Spanish
bottom trawl operating in the Northern and Western coastal waters (ICES Divisions VIIIc
and IXa) and in IXa South Iberian waters (Gulf of Cádiz). Main characteristics of metiers
and fisheries have already been presented above (see 1.2.)
En Madrid a 30 de Junio de 2017
INSTITUTO ESPAÑOL DE OCEANOGRAFIA
4