DG GROW
Ref. Ares(2020)3431673 - 30/06/2020
Réunion entre le Commissaire Thierry Breton et
,
l’Association Européenne des Industries
Aérospatiales, de Sécurité et de Défense
11 décembre 2019, Bruxelles
BRIEFING NOTE (Commission Internal)
Contexte
Vous allez rencontrer
,
l’Association européenne
des industries aérospatiales, de sécurité et de défense (ASD)
.
L’Union européenne et l’ESA décident, en ce moment et en parallèle, de leurs budgets
spatiaux respectifs. Les négociations entre le Parlement Européen et le Conseil ont
abouti au "
Common understanding" pour le Programme spatial de l’Union européenne
pour le prochain budget à long terme de l’UE, soit le Cadre Financier Pluriannuel (MFF)
2021-2027, avec un budget proposé de 16 milliards d’euros. Ce programme contient les
composantes Galileo / EGNOS, Copernicus et les nouvelles composantes "Space
Situational Awareness" (SSA) et GOVSATOM. Les négociations finales du budget se
tiendront en 2020. La Commission a proposé un budget total de 100 milliards d’euros
pour "Horizon Europe", programme de Recherche pour les années 2021-2027, mais
sans cibler un budget spécifique pour l’espace.
La dernière conférence ministérielle de l’ESA (Séville, 26 et27/11/2019) a confirmé
l’importance de l’espace pour les États européens avec un engagement budgétaire sans
précédent de l’ordre de 14,4 milliards euros. (Pour plus de détails, merci de se reporter
aux information dans le background).
Line to take
Espace
La Commission européenne est bien consciente de
l'importance majeure du nouveau règlement relatif au
programme spatial pour l'industrie spatiale européenne. Elle
offrira une perspective claire et positionnera l'UE comme
acteur clé, en soutenant la compétitivité et en renforçant la
non-dépendance technologique de l’Europe.
La nouvelle Commission négociera les derniers éléments du
règlement relatifs au programme spatial, tels que le budget.
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Les 16 milliards d'euros proposés par la Commission sont
nécessaires pour assurer la continuité des programmes
existants, mais aussi pour de nouvelles initiatives au
croisement de l'espace, de la sécurité et de la défense. Ce
message va dans le sens de ceux que nous recevons de
l'industrie.
Sachant qu’il n’existe pas de budget dédié à l’Espace dans
"Horizon Europe" (sauf ajout pendant les négociations à venir),
il sera nécessaire de mettre en exergue l’importance de la
Recherche & Innovation en matière spatiale pour les
programmes européens mais aussi pour la compétitivité de
l’industrie.
L’UE devrait agir en tant que client de référence pour des
solutions de lancement fiables et efficaces économiquement,
afin de soutenir la recherche technologique en vue de
solutions de lancement innovantes (comme des solutions
réutilisables), et de soutenir les infrastructures d’essais et de
lancement stratégiques.
Défense
La Commission est très déçue par la proposition de la
présidence finlandaise pour le budget du Fonds européen de la
défense (EDF).
Pour opérer un changement dans le paysage industriel
européen en matière de défense, une masse financière critique
est indispensable.
Dans le cas contraire, les fragmentations et les inefficacités
perdureront et les investissements en matière de R&D seront
trop faibles pour permettre à l’industrie européenne de rester
compétitive et innovante.
L’industrie aéronautique civile est l’un des succès européens
les plus éclatants. Mais nous faisons face aux défis tels que: la
concurrence mondiale qui augmente en présence de
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concurrents qui bénéficient de soutiens nationaux ;
l’innovation qui s’accélère dans des domaines tels que la
cybersécurité,
la
transformation
numérique
et
l’automatisation.
Le secteur de l’aviation a besoin de réduire l'empreinte
carbone s’il souhaite maintenir sa croissance actuelle. La
Commission reste très engagée dans le soutien de l’industrie
face à ces défis.
Centre européen de compétence en cybersécurité
Le centre et le réseau de compétences en matière de
cybersécurité constitue la réponse de l’Europe pour soutenir
l’innovation et la politique industrielle dans le domaine de la
cybersécurité et donc notre souveraineté technologique.
Un autre objectif est d'accroître les synergies entre les
aspects civils et militaires de la cybersécurité, grâce à une
meilleure coordination entre les communautés et les
programmes respectifs.
L’un de ses principaux atouts serait sa position unique à le
faire tout au long de la chaîne de valeur, de la recherche
jusqu’au déploiement des technologies clés. Le réseau de
centres nationaux de coordination en matière de
cybersécurité
sera
essentiel
pour
permettre
des
investissements stratégiques communs.
Il est également prévu que le Centre gère la mise en œuvre
de l'initiative EuroQCI.
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Digitising European Industry
Les technologies numériques, en particulier l’intelligence
artificielle (IA), transforment le monde à un rythme sans
précédent. Le futur de l'Europe est numérique.
Le secteur du numérique est le principal moteur de
l'innovation dans le monde d'aujourd'hui. C'est l'objectif de
la stratégie de numérisation de l’industrie DEI (Digitising
European Industry) : rester compétitif et souverain.
Les technologies numériques avancées, ainsi qu’une bonne
base de connaissances et un bon écosystème intersectoriel
en matière d'intelligence artificielle et de calcul intensif,
sont à la base d'une industrie de défense performante et
compétitive.
Dans le programme Digital Europe ou "Europe numérique",
les pôles européens d'innovation numérique joueront un
rôle central dans la transformation numérique des PME.
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o
6
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Background information
Horizon Europe
The Commission’s proposal for a EUR 100 billion research budget for
Horizon Europe is still subject to long-term budget 2021-2027
agreement.
Horizon Europe allocation of budget is still only defined down to the
level of Clusters. Space Research and Innovation (R&I) is part of
Cluster 4 (Digital, Industry and Space) for which a budget of EUR 15
billion is proposed but there is no earmarked Space budget.
Recital 13a to Annex I to the Regulation states: “Without prejudice
to the overall MFF negotiations, Horizon Europe will contribute to
space objectives at a level of spending that is at least commensurate
proportionally with that under the previous framework programme
Horizon 2020 established by Regulation (EU) No 1291/2013 of the
European Parliament and Council, agreed in Partial General
Approach (PGA).”
This may seem to safeguard a portion of the budget for Space.
However, the Commission’s ambition is to have only one work
programme per cluster with common call topics and only one
common budget for the cluster.
It can be argued that most
of the work in Cluster 4 “contribute to space objectives” at some
level, e.g. IT, EEE components, robotics, AI, big data tools, materials,
manufacturing etc.
In line with the overall Horizon Europe “strategic plan”, DG GROW is,
in cooperation with stakeholders, developing a Strategic Research
and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) for Space research encompassing R&I
for the Space programme components and R&I for competitiveness
and access to space.
This will be the basis for the space priorities of the first 2-year work
programme of Horizon Europe Cluster 4 to be adopted before the
end of 2020.
Launchers/Access to Space
In recent years, access to space has become fundamental for the EU's
ambition in space, particularly for the implementation of the EU flagships
Galileo and Copernicus, but also for research projects funded by the Union
Research Framework Programmes.
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The Commission's approach has been enshrined in the Space Strategy for
Europe[1]. Access to space is key enabler and indispensable element in the
overall space value chain without which, there is no space policy.
Over the next 10 to 15 years, the EU will have launched more than 30
satellites notably in the class of the new European-made launchers – Ariane
6 and Vega C -for its Galileo and Copernicus space infrastructures.
Ensuring independent, reliable and cost-effective access to space is a
political imperative for the EU. EU must indeed ensure and maintain its
autonomy of decision and not be dependent on conditions imposed by
others. The EU should act as a smart customer of reliable and cost-effective
European launcher solutions, foster research and innovation in technology,
support European critical and strategic test and launch infrastructures.
ESA budget adopted at the last ministerial 26-27 November 2019: EUR 14,4
billion (EUR 12,5 for the next 3 years + EUR 1,9 additional for mandatory
programmes for the 2 years following the first 3 years)
European Defence Fund
a) Funding cooperative defence research: ongoing Preparatory Action on
Defence Research (2017-2019)
The Preparatory Action has entered its final year.
[1] COM(2016) 705 final
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Running projects: Seven collaborative projects are already running, for a
total EU budget of EUR 50.3 million, including the large demonstrator
project Ocean 2020 (EU budget of EUR 35.5 million). One project Generic
Open Soldier System Reference Architecture (GOSSRA) is almost finalised.
.
Expectations: Over the full lifetime of the Action, it is expected that up to
18 projects will be funded with a total budget of EUR 90 million in the
areas of maritime surveillance with unmanned systems, command, control
and communications, force protection and soldier systems and effects.
Projects are covering critical defence technologies as well as future
disruptive technologies, standardisation and interoperability as well as
strategic technology foresight.
State of play calls of third (and final) year: The last calls closed end of
August 2019 and evaluation is ongoing. Evaluation will end in spring 2020;
awarding of grant agreements is planned for summer 2020.
European Defence Agency (EDA) manages three of the calls:
.
The Commission, for the first time, manages one call. This allows the
Commission to learn in-house about the call on disruptive research,
which will also an important theme in the future EDF.
b) Funding cooperative development of defence capabilities: ongoing
European Defence Industrial Development Programme (2019-2020)
The Work Programme for 2019-2020 has been adopted on 19 March 2019.
The identified categories of projects target capabilities that involve
multinational collaboration of undertakings and Member States throughout
the Union. Some categories target large and complex capability
development projects, such as the European Command and Control (C2)
system or a European Galileo PRS navigation receiver. The Commission
foresees to support two key projects that could receive direct awards:
EURODRONE: EUR 100 million to support the development of the
Medium Altitude Long Endurance Remotely Piloted Aircraft System
(MALE RPAS).
ESSOR: EUR 37 million to support the development of interoperable
and secure defence communication systems for operations.
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State of play 2019 Competitive calls (deadline for submission was 20
September 2019):
40 proposals have been received in answer to the nine competitive
calls
This includes around 15 proposals for the SME call
This demonstrates a real appetite and commitment of the European
industry
Evaluation process is ongoing
First grant agreements are expected to be signed during summer
2020
Lessons learned from this first exercise will help improve and ease the
process for the 12 competitive calls for 2020, which are currently under
preparation together with member States and expected to be published
early 2020.
c) European Defence Fund (2021-2027)
State of play: The European Parliament and Council reached partial
agreement on 19 February 2019. COREPER II endorsed the agreement on
27 February and Parliament voted with 328 in favour, 231 against and 19
abstentions on 18 April.
Two issues remain open:
The budget: to be decided in the negotiations on the next MFF.
The participation of associated countries (article 5). The European
Commission initially proposed to open the participation to the
programme to the European Free Trade Association members, which
are members of the European Economic Area.
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For the Commission, the priority is now to reflect and discuss funding
priorities for the next seven years of EDF
.
European Defence Fund provisions on the rules of participation of the
entities in the programme:
The EDF explicitly foresees the possibilities for participation of third country
entities and even the eligibility for funding of EU-based subsidiaries of third
country groups in supported projects as long as specific conditions
pertaining to the protections of the defence and security interests of the
EU and its Member States are fulfilled.
EU-established subsidiaries of foreign groups will be eligible for EDF
funding provided this does not contravene EU security and defence
interests; and that conditions related to security of supply, security of
information and absence of foreign control or restrictions are complied
with. These conditions are the following:
o Control over the entity should not be exercised in a way that
restricts the ability to carry out the action supported by the EDF or
to deliver results;
o Access by a third country or a third country entity to sensitive
information is prevented;
o Ownership of the intellectual property arising from, and the
results of, the action must remain with the beneficiary during and
after the completion of the action. It can however be exported
outside the EU with agreement of the Member State in which the
beneficiary (subsidiary) is established.
The EDF does not hamper cooperation with third country entities. Provided
the similar conditions are complied with, an entity established outside the
EU (third country entity) may participate in an action supported by the EDF.
However, such entity cannot receive EU funding; and the results of the
action financially supported by the Fund cannot be subject to control or
restriction by a third country or a third country entity.
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Aeronautics
Several Commission policies affect directly the competitiveness of the
European civil aeronautics industry (aviation safety, climate, R&I, trade,
etc.).
1 Organisation conjointe de coopération en matière d’armement agissant pour le compte et au nom de
l’Allemagne, l’Espagne, la France et l’Italie.
2 Next generation fighter.
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The request for a greater and better coordinated involvement of the EU in
supporting the European civil aeronautics industry has already been voiced
to the Sky and Space Intergroup of the European Parliament (cfr Sky &
Space Intergroup report “European aeronautics - A strategic proposal
beyond 2020” and EESC Opinion 2019/C 62/01 on ‘Challenges and
Industrial Change in the EU Aerospace Sector’).
DG GROW supported over the last 20 years the sustainable
competitiveness of European aeronautics industries through the
monitoring of the industry competitiveness, close involvement in ISC and
policy initiatives, like the STAR 21 Report.
Centre européen de compétence en cybersécurité
Certains acteurs industriels de l'aéronautique et de la défense comme
Airbus ou Thalès figurent également parmi les fournisseurs les plus
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importants de produits et services de cybersécurité. En même temps, les
industries de l'aéronautique et de la défense font également partie du côté
de la demande du marché de la cybersécurité (par exemple la cybersécurité
du trafic aérien ou des systèmes militaires).
La Commission s'est engagée dans une coopération structurée avec les
acteurs de l'industrie, de la recherche et du secteur public dans le domaine
de la cybersécurité dans le cadre d'un partenariat public-privé (2016-2020)
avec l'Organisation européenne de cybersécurité (ECSO).
Il a été proposé que le soutien futur à la recherche, au déploiement et à la
création de communautés (programmes Digital Europe et Horizon Europe,
2021-2027) soit assuré par un Centre européen de compétence en
cybersécurité, en coopération avec un réseau de centres nationaux de
coordination. Le Centre de compétences est également prévu pour gérer la
mise en œuvre de l'initiative EuroQCI (quantum).
Digital Innovation Hubs
Only about 1 out of 5 companies across the EU are highly digitalised.
Similarly, around 60% of large industries and more than 90% of SMEs lag
behind in digital innovation. The digital revolution brings opportunities for
big and small companies, but many of them still find it difficult to know in
which technologies to invest and how to secure financing for their digital
transformation. Within this context, Digital Innovation Hubs (DIHs) can help
ensure that every company, small or large, high-tech or not, can take
advantage of digital opportunities. DIHs are one-stop shops that help
companies
become
more
competitive
with
regard
to
their
business/production processes, products or services using digital
technologies. DIHs provide access to technical expertise and
experimentation, so that companies can “test before invest”. They also
provide innovation services, such as financing advice, training and skills
development that are needed for a successful digital transformation.
Long-term budget 2021-2027
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Together with the Member States, the European Commission will invest in
Digital Innovation Hubs capacity through the Digital Europe Programme.
These hubs will be called European Digital Innovation Hubs, and they can
get a grant for investing in their facilities and employing people to deliver
services that will stimulate the broad uptake of Artificial Intelligence, HPC
and Cybersecurity by industry (in particular SMEs and midcaps) and public
sector organisations.
The selection of hubs in DEP will follow a two-step process: First Member
States will designate hubs, and then the European Commission will launch
a restricted call for proposals.
Existing hubs, either funded to run experiments under Horizon 2020, or
originating from a different source such as a local technology transfer
institution, could qualify to become European DIHs, provided that they pass
all the steps of the selection procedures, both at Member State and
European level.
Current long-term budget
The Commission has been supporting digital transformation experiments
and networking of DIHs with around EUR 100 million per year through
Horizon 2020 projects. These projects typically cascade funding through
open calls by engaging SMEs in innovative experiments with DIHs in a cross-
border context. The RTOs and universities involved in these projects have
usually teamed up with other organisations to offer the services of a Digital
Innovation Hub to SMEs and as such, they have gained relevant experience.
In 2019 and 2020 there will continue to be calls related to this
experimentation for a total foreseen funding of EUR 120 million
Digitising European Industries
The measures under the DEI programme to digitise European industry will
help companies, researchers and public authorities to make the most of
new technologies.
The European Commission launched on 19 April 2016 the first industry-
related initiative of the Digital Single Market package. Building on and
complementing the various national initiatives for digitising industry, such
as Industrie 4.0, Smart Industry and l'industrie du futur, the Commission
took actions along 5 main pillars. These include use of policy instruments,
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soustraire les humains d’environnements dangereux (p. ex. toxicité,
altitude, risques d’avalanches).
En plus des projets impliquant directement des drones, la recherche, le
développement et aussi l’innovation se font également via les pôles
d’innovation numérique et des projets pilotes.
Contact :
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