Ref. Ares(2017)4669073 - 25/09/2017
Annex IV to the Agreement establishing the European Union Emergency Trust Fund for stability and addressing
root causes of irregular migration and displaced persons in Africa and its internal rules
Action fiche of the EU Trust Fund to be used for the decisions of
the Operational Committee
T05-EUTF-NOA-REG-02
1.
IDENTIFICATION
Title/Number
Mediterranean City-to-City Migration (MC2CM) – Phase
II
Total cost
Estimated total cost: EUR 6,075 M
EU contribution: 5.550 M
Contribution of the Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation for continued participation of ME cities: EUR
0.250 M
Contribution of Implementing Partners: EUR 0.275 M
Aid method/Implementation Project modality – indirect management with International
methods
Centre for Migration Policy Development(ICMPD)
DAC code
150
Sector
2.
GROUNDS AND BACKGROUND
2.1.
Summary of the action and its objectives
This Action Document describes the regional action planned in North of Africa within the
framework of the European Union Emergency Trust Fund for Stability and Combating the
Root Causes of Irregular Migration and the Displaced Persons in Africa (ie "Trust Fund").
The overall objective of the programme is to contribute to improved, rights-based migration
governance at local level in cities in the North of Africa, notably through partnership with
cities in Europe, with a specific focus on integration and inclusion.
The three main components of the Action are (1) Dialogue; (2) Knowledge and (3) Action.
Dialogue is created by connecting cities through a transnational network and delivering
targeted peer-to-peer exchange and learnings. This is in turn translated into the local context
by involving relevant stakeholders in the identification of migration priorities and
implementation of actions.
Knowledge is generated by gathering information about the local
situation of migration in the targeted cities and using it to assess needs. The knowledge is
analysed and extrapolated into a wider context of mobile populations and changing local
demographics and policies. Lastly, the latter components constitute the basis for the
development of City Targeted
Actions that address identified needs and priorities, providing
for long-term solutions to migration challenges.
This Action responds to the priorities outlined in Pillar 1 (1.1 "Investing in Development and
Poverty Eradication" and "Development Benefits of Migration") of
The Valletta Action Plan
and the Objective 3: Improved migration management in countries of origin and transit of the
Emergency Trust Fund to address root causes of irregular migration and forced displacement,
namely sub-Area 1: Migration Governance. Respectively, it directly targets the first priority
of the EUTF NoA Operational Framework (i) improving migration governance including a
rights-based migration management, which is expected to contribute to social cohesion, safe
1
mobility and security, as well as ensuring international protection, in accordance with
international law. This includes capacity building on legislative and regulatory issues, so as to
progressively develop fully-fledged migration systems;
The Action targets local authorities of the North of African Countries which are in the front-
line in the management of migration and in the provision of services to migrants and forcibly
displaced populations. It will be implemented by the International Centre for Migration Policy
Development (ICMPD), an inter-governmental organisation with expertise on migration, in
partnership with the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) and United
Cities and Local Governments (UCLG), the global organisation that represents local
governments. In order to ensure the continuation of a regional dimension – covering not only
the North of Africa but also the Middle East -, the Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SDC) will support continued participation of cities from the Middle East.
2.2.
Background
A fifth of all migrants reside in the world’s 20 largest cities and about 3 out of 5 of the
world’s refugees live in urban settings. Coupled with the fact that 60% of the world
population is expected to reside in cities by 2050, it is in cities where the challenges of social
inclusion will unfold and where migrant integration will ultimately succeed - or fail. The
increasing urbanisation of migration and forced displacement solicits specific attention to
cities as stakeholders of migration and the settings where the long-term effects of migratory
movements will play out.
As the government level closest to citizens, local authorities are particularly well-placed to
identify the challenges related to mobile populations and set out strategies to address these in
a way that reflect the needs and concerns of the host communities. The
European Agenda on
Migration mentions local authorities as relevant actors in addressing the medium to long-term
objectives of reducing the incentives for irregular migration by addressing root-causes of
migration.1 Moreover, in the 25 January 2017 Communication on
Migration on the Central
Mediterranean route. Managing flows, saving lives, the role of local actors is highlighted in
line with their function in the field of protection, re-integration and resettlement of migrants.
The 26 April 2016 Communication on
Forced Displacement and Development also identifies
local authorities as necessary players to address the needs and provide durable solutions for
forcibly displaced people and their host communities. Lastly, the
Urban Agenda for the EU acknowledges the role of cities as the source of and solution to today’s economic,
environmental and social challenges.2
Notwithstanding, the fact that immigration and asylum policy has traditionally been the remit
of national governments hinders some local administrations from seeing themselves as agents
of solutions in the field of migration and inclusion. Since 2015, the ENI-funded
Mediterranean City-to-City Migration Project (MC2CM) project has brought migration to the
forefront of respective cities that, until recently, had limited experience in local governance of
migration. The need to anchor these growing competences on migration to a strategic process
of urban development planning, and building the necessary capacity to do so, has become a
leitmotiv for MC2CM.
1 Communication COM(2015) 240 final: A European Agenda on Migration
2
Establishing the Urban Agenda for the EU ‘Pact pf Amsterdam’ Agreed at the Informal Meeting of EU
Ministers Responsible for Urban Matters on 30 May 2016 in Amsterdam, The Netherlands
2
MC2CM has established a network of 9 cities from the wider Mediterranean region (Amman,
Beirut, Lisbon, Lyon, Madrid, Tangier, Tunis, Turin and Vienna) and instigated a process of
reflexion that addresses the city’s role with regards to migration management, integration and
inclusion. This is done through a method that firstly reveals valuable and unique information
about the local situation of migrants in each city (City Migration Profiles). This objective
assessment serves as a basis for a constructive and resolute dialogue among a group of
relevant players including local communities, migrant organisations, experts, private
companies, civil society and others (City Stakeholder Group), resulting in a deliberation on a
series of priorities to be addressed through targeted actions and local policy processes.
For the cities being part of the programme, the process of development and adoption of City
Migration Profiles and Priority Papers has provided a unique opportunity to generate interest
and ownership of the process of local development and urban planning, of which migration is
an integral component. In Tunis, Tunisia, for example, MC2CM initiated a first sound
dialogue of this kind. Led by the mayor M. Seifallah Lasram, the discussion surrounding the
City Migration Profile and Priority Paper provided the opportunity to engage with national,
municipal and district government officials as well as NGOs working directly on migration
and relevant areas such as employment, education, statistics and financial institutions. Their
active involvement in the process has ensured a stake in the future implementation of actions
that address the agreed priorities including improving service take-up and awareness about the
range of services for migrants, improving language education, financial independence of
migrant youth, and active participation of new communities, among others.
Beyond the advancements made in each individual city, MC2CM has provided a platform for
cities to share experiences, tools and methods to address common identified challenges such
as: safeguarding social cohesion; ensuring access to basic services as well as to housing,
education and employment for newcomers; addressing needs of specific target groups such as
asylum seekers and refugees; and ensuring human rights of migrants are guaranteed. These
peer-to-peer events have created a community of practice whereby major urban areas in the
Mediterranean can establish effective collaboration on common challenges.
This Action will seek to capitalise on the success of MC2CM and further its added value by
developing activities that ultimately reinforce the capacity of city authorities in the field of
migrant integration and inclusion, enabling them to address the issue in a holistic and coherent
manner, in a way that benefits the population at large.
The network could be expanded to include additional cities from the Southern Neighbourhood
such as Algiers and Oran (Algeria), Tripoli and Sabha (Libya), Sousse (Tunisia) and Fès
(Morocco), pre-identified for their regional importance in terms of size and urban
development. Intermediary cities will also be involved through established associations of
local authorities. Additionally, cities from greater neighbourhood countries and Europe will
be involved to set out actions that address challenges and opportunities of migrants along their
migratory routes, involving new migrant destinations such as Doha, Abu Dhabi, Dubai and
Kuwait. The final selection of the cities from the North of Africa Countries will be made in
agreement with the central authorities. The involvement of local authorities beyond Southern
partner countries will bring additional added value by enabling MC2CM to better address the
root-causes of migration to North Africa, and implementing South-South cooperation.
Furthermore, given the successful involvement and momentum generated by participation of
cities of Amman and Beirut in the current phase of the project, the Swiss Agency for
Development and Cooperation (SDC) will continue to financially support the second phase of
3
the project by ensuring participation of cities from the Middle East region which fall out of
the scope of the Trust Fund North of Africa Window.
In its next phase, MC2CM will also strengthen the involvement of relevant actors from
regional and national levels who will benefit from the existing network and accumulated
knowledge from the first phase. As such, MC2CM will reinforce and set up mechanisms of
multi-level governance to improve partner countries’ capacity in policy, legislative and
institutional frameworks on asylum and migration management as well as improve
information flows and protection of vulnerable migrants along the migratory route.
2.2.1. National background, where applicable
With most migration taking place within regions and, in fact, a majority of migrants moving
from a specific place to another, cities are becoming de facto managers of migration. These
developments confront cities with specific challenges related to service provision, residence,
settlement and social cohesion. Cities have to prepare for the fact that they will receive both
migrants intending to stay for a few weeks, months or years as well as migrants who will be
staying for good. European cities have learned important lessons from migratory movements
of the past century that can serve as a cautionary tale to new immigration receiving cities.
Experiences such as Lyon’s sharp social and racial divisions in part as a result of housing
policies and Vienna’s challenge of integrating long-term immigrants who were for decades
treated as temporary workers can serve as powerful lessons for cities starting to become
centres of migration.
The Mediterranean region, and in particular countries in North Africa, comprise a wide
spectrum and diversity of situations of migrant and host communities. Migration trajectories
are becoming more complex, and the division between source, transit and destination
countries is becoming more and more artificial and nuanced. For example, traditional centres
of origin and transit of migration, Tunis and Tangier, are becoming places of destination for
migrants from Sub-Saharan Africa and Europe, among others.3
Against this background, there is an identified need for cities and central governments to
jointly address policy implementation gaps so as to better align national migration policy to
realities on the ground. This way, national policies, such as the Kingdom of Morocco’s recent
national policy on migration, can guarantee their practical implementation on the ground.
2.2.2. Sectoral background: policies and challenges
As the level of government closest to citizens, cities are on the front-line, confronting
challenges and opportunities that migration brings about. The MC2CM project has identified
some significant common trends and challenges for migration governance at the local level,
notably:
The division between source, transit and destination countries is becoming more artificial,
with cities attracting increasing number of migrants. This phenomenon is coupled with
3 Both Tangier and Tunis MC2CM City Migration Profiles highlight a change in the nature of immigration. In
both cases, the fact that European Union borders have become less permeable to irregular flows has
resulted in the settling of thousands of migrants that had initially considered these cities as temporary
destinations. At the same time, the economic crisis in Europe has meant an increase in migrants from
Spain, Italy and France arriving in increasing numbers in Tangier.
4
growing urbanization and establishment of wider urban structures such as metropolises
where migrants congregate. For example 40% of immigrants coming to Tunisia settle in
the Tunis metropolitan area,4 37% of newcomers coming to Vienna from another province
in 2015 were born abroad, whereas the average share of international migrants in all
federal provinces stood at 11% in that year.5 In Turin, despite feeling the effects of the
economic crisis, the incoming of migrants remained steady, with the share of foreign
residents reaching just under 10% in 2016.6
Migration is a local reality – with local governments facing the effects of migration
policies on a daily basis. By way of example, 10% of total permits awarded during the
regularization campaign of 2014/2015 in Morocco were residents of Tangier, meaning
that the city is better equipped to provide services and opportunities to people who are no
longer in an irregular administrative situation.7 Meanwhile, the city of Madrid has to
address the stark reality that a share of migrants residing in its territory are undocumented,
with the consequences this has for the city in terms of pressure on services as well as the
informal economy.8
Legislative framework, regulated at a regional and/or national level, matters in particular
when it comes to the provision of rights and entitlements to migrants. In Vienna, the fact
that asylum seekers do not have the right to work provides a major barrier for long-term
integration of future refugees in the city.9
There is a lack of readily available data on migration at local level. In Morocco for
example, official census data indicates that Tangier has a foreign born population of under
1% - but the reality of this port city, located less than 20 km away from European shore, is
such that it has a much higher proportion of ‘invisible’ migrants, often in transit, with the
challenges that this entails for service provision, among others. The drafting of the City
Migration Profiles has been an elucidating exercise for cities such as Tangier and Tunis as
a first attempt at mapping the immigration landscape at the local level. For other cities
such as Lyon, the exercise has revealed new evidence about the city’s policies that was
unbeknownst to sectors of the municipality addressing migrant populations.
The discourse on migration can have a detrimental effect on social cohesion. As the level
of government closest to citizens, municipalities can play a direct role in dispelling myths,
stereotypes and promoting a balanced narrative on migration – rooted in citizen’s
everyday experiences. There is a perceived competition for resources among local
populations that hinders some of the actions targeting migrant populations in host
communities. This challenge is observed in every city in MC2CM and represents a major
barrier to advancing in the field of migration at local level.
Despite differences in contexts, cities have a lot in common and face similar challenges. The
priority areas of attention for cities when it comes to migration are housing and shelter, access
to employment, health and education. Effective mechanisms for cooperation between local,
regional and national levels need to be established in a way that enhances policy coherence
4 Tunis City Migration Profile (2016) MC2CM project.
5 Vienna City Migration Profile (2016) MC2CM project
6 Turin City Migration Profile (2017) MC2CM project
7 Notwithstanding, the campaign met challenges in Tangier where part of the population refused to register
legally for a variety of reasons. For more information see Tangier City Migration Profile (2016)
MC2CM project
8 Case study presented during MC2CM Thematic Peer-to-Peer Meeting on Employment and Entrepreneurship
Madrid, 3-4 November 2016
9 MC2CM Thematic Peer-to-Peer Meeting on Refugees, Vienna, 14-15 February 2017
5
and adapts to the reality on the ground. At the same time, cities need to have the necessary
resources and capacity to effectively address the challenges at hand.
Moreover, as it is nowadays commonly recognised, migrant contributions to development are
significant and the potential of transferring between countries of destination and countries of
origin economic, financial, human and social capital remains largely untapped. In Tunisia, for
example, about 18% of postal monetary transfers between 2006 to 2015, were destined to
residents of the city of Tunis.10 Strengthening the ties between diaspora communities and
countries of origin can foster migrant potential for development and growth. In this regard, an
important role can be played by local authorities in the framework of local development
processes.
2.3.
Lessons learnt
The Action capitalises and builds upon the trajectory of the MC2CM project which began on
1 February 2015. Additionally, it will draw on lessons learned from similar initiatives and city
networks that address migrant integration at the local level.
Extensive growing knowledge on the local dimension of migration
By the end of 2017, MC2CM will have produced 9 City Migration Profiles highlighting data,
needs and analysis in the field of migration and 9 City Priority Papers setting out to address
the identified gaps. The know-how and understanding accumulated from this experience will
be made readily available and accessible to a wider audience through City Migration
Dashboards11 that will be used as basis for evidence-based migration governance. For the
Cities of the Southern Partner Countries pilot projects will have been implemented to address
these gaps. Also, beyond the knowledge and outputs generated, the outcome-oriented
methodology applied in the development of these tools will increment the added value of
actions as these will have a sound infrastructure and a ready local network to ensure the
delivery of priorities and their sustainability.
A city network with strong links to national governments
MC2CM has established a city network with the active participation of 9 local authorities and
engaged local experts and stakeholders in a tailor-made process of assessing the needs and
setting out priorities to be addressed in each locality in the area of migrant inclusion and
integration.
The project offers a sphere of trust where learning and cross-fertilisation can take place,
where cities can learn from each other’s mistakes, use their peers as sounding boards for
planned interventions, and where successes can be replicated. MC2CM has also shown its
potential for multiplier effect whereby cities use it a springboard for further action and
cooperation in the field of migration and for decentralised cooperation. By way of example,
cities involved in the network have gone to cooperate on a project in the field of migrant
youth inclusion and a number of cities are working on a joint proposal on cooperation in the
field of fast-track tools for refugee employment in cities. In one case, a European city
administration has been requested by one of the Southern partners to offer bilateral
cooperation on participative models for migrant engagement.
10 Tunis City Migration Profile (2016) MC2CM project
11 A Migration Dashboard is a user-friendly portal being developed under the framework of i.Map initiative (see
fn 13). It uses ICT tools to represent migration data and information visually, in a way that can facilitate
analysis, policy formulation and evaluation. The City Migration Dashboards will be populated with
information collected from the City Migration Profiles and updated accordingly.
6
Moreover, MC2CM will contribute to changing the culture of mistrust and help bring local
and national governments closer, as equals, to cooperate in the field of migration. National
authorities will be invited to partake in peer learnings and technical exchanges, where there is
a clear added value.
Beyond the established network of cities, a key strength of the project has been the setting up
of City Stakeholder Groups, which have become sustainable platforms for exchange on
migration-related matters as well as key players in the implementation of actions to address
the assessed needs and priorities of each city. These networks of cities and stakeholders
represent a strong founding base for further substantive actions to take place.
The network is also helping to bring migration into the agenda of some local administrations
that had not identified the issue as a key priority, seeding the way to change. By way of
example, participants in a recent gathering signalled the learned importance of addressing
integration from day one – having seen the potential risk of not doing so, as has been the case
in some cities in Europe. This type of learnings, and the process towards making them the
catalysers of change, is what MC2CM is about.
Use of existing tools trough tried-and-tested methodology
While initiatives including the Joint Migration and Development Initiative (JMDI) and IOM12
have produced a plethora of quality toolkits, MC2CM has identified a gap in the effective use
and take-up of these existing instruments among its intended audience. MC2CM is
undertaking a mapping of available resources and will tap into these to develop tailored
interventions and support for local authorities – also raising awareness about the existence of
such tools among its target users.
Scaling up success
In its first phase, MC2CM involved cities of a comparable size (i.e. major urban areas), with
relevant percentage of migrants and previous experience in international cooperation in the
field of migration and good integration and diversity practices. However, the most crucial
aspect with regard to the choice of cities was their interest and commitment. This recruitment
strategy will be replicated with major urban areas from Southern Neighbourhood targeted for
additional involvement.13 Given the critical role of national governments, particularly in
highly-centralised countries in Northern Africa, alongside the participation of cities, MC2CM
will seek the active involvement of central government as an essential element of the Action –
also involving EU Delegations in the region as catalysers for effective coordination.
As such, the action will focus on ‘deepening and scaling up’ of the first phase of
implementation. This will be done by reinforcing some of the elements initiated with the 9
cities currently in MC2CM, developing methods to address identified needs and extending
dissemination of tools to a wider audience of local, regional and national authorities in the
wider Mediterranean and Neighbourhood region.
Concretely, the action will entail:
12 IOM Toolbox of migration-related elements for the city resilience strategy
13 Cities pre-identified are: Algiers and Oran (Algeria), Tripoli and Sabha (Libya), Sousse (Tunis) and Fes
(Morocco)
7
Taking the tools developed under MC2CM to reach out to at least 11 new target cities
in the 5 Countries of the North of Africa to replicate knowledge and learnings from
MC2CM.
Furthering the research and policy development by building 20 City Migration
Dashboards as supporting governance tools.
Bringing in additional regional and national authorities to reinforce the multi-level
governance approach.
Using the political principles adopted at the end of MC2CM as a benchmark for
implementation, providing a stronger and renewed political mandate to a technical
process of improved governance.
Exploring links among regions of origin, transit and destination for migrants,
including possibilities of decentralised cooperation in the field of migration and urban
development.
Reinforcing South-South cooperation on urban migration governance.
Strengthening the 'action' component of the project by developing new targeted city
actions offering concrete, technical assistance for cities and by further building upon
and scaling up the pilot projects started under MC2CM.
2.4.
Complementary actions
The MC2CM initiative derives from the Mediterranean Transit Migration Dialogue (MTM)
and builds upon over 15 years of technical experience and know-how on dialogue facilitation
in a broad range of migration-related areas with a strong focus on identifying potential future
developments, exploring emerging trends and developing innovative approaches to migration.
The MTM set a highly valuable forward-looking inter-governmental consultative platform
between migration officials in countries of origin, transit and destination along the migration
routes in Africa, Europe and the Middle East.
Special care will be taken to ensure complementarities with existing and upcoming initiatives
addressing same target groups at local level, including bilateral cooperation in the Euro-
Mediterranean region as well as wider European and global context. Synergies with
complementary actions will be undertaken and operationalised with aligned programmes such
as:
Euro-Mediterranean region cooperation:
The EUROMED Migration IV (EMM4) – by contributing, among others, to foster a
balanced narrative on migration in the Mediterranean;
Regional Development and Protection Programme for Refugees and Host Communities in
North of Africa and Middle East;
The interactive Map on Migration (i.Map14) – will provide the hosting and visualisation
through the urban migration interface of data and in formation produced by the Migration
City Profiles;
14 The Interactive Map on Migration (i.Map) is a web-based information and knowledge platform which aims to
enhance and facilitate information exchange and contribute to a more balanced narrative on migration.
8
The Euro-Mediterranean Regional and Local Assembly (ARLEM) of the Committee of
the Regions – through exchange and follow up of with Nicosia initiative with Libyan local
authorities;
Centre for Mediterranean Integration Host Municipalities Network – by developing joint
trainings for local authorities in the MENA region;
Global cooperation:
MIgration EU eXpertise (MIEUX) – by, for example, further exploring the multiplier
effects of this tool for local authorities that was initiated at the Habitat III conference15 by
supporting cities to access this EU migration expertise and technical support;
The Joint Migration and Development Initiative (JMDI) – including use of its tools, case
studies and Mayoral Forum as a platform to deliver policy messages from MC2CM;
IOM Toolbox of migration-related elements for the city resilience strategy – exploring
and testing its use as an effective tool for use and adaptation to local context in the
EuroMed region;
Cities of Migration – as a platform for dissemination and global reach;
Other initiatives including the Parliament of Mayors, Solidarity Cities, and Council of
Europe’s intercultural cities network which could benefit from the knowledge generated
by MC2CM to further their cooperation processes;
OECD “The need for a territorial approach to migrant integration: the role of local
authorities” project – by continuing to share knowledge outputs;
Bi-lateral cooperation:
Mobility Partnership Facility – as a potential tool for sustainable actions, for example by
incorporating bilateral cooperation mechanisms at the local level, such as a recently
launched action in Morocco and Tunisia, implemented by the Municipality of Milan;
GIZ Recomig project in Morocco – which seeks to reinforce capacity of local
communities in the field of migration and is already engaged in discussions with MC2CM
about replicating the City Migration Profile model in other Moroccan municipalities;
Support to the Mobility partnership between the European Union and the Hashemite
Kingdom of Jordan (JEMPAS) – which has national-level as focus but shows growing
interest in local implementation;
Furthermore, the action will proactively seek complementarity with other EU Trust Fund
initiatives, such as the MEET Africa initiative, whereby the local dimension of an issue such
as diaspora and economic development can generate a multiplier effect when addressed at
both local and national levels. Similarly, operational synergies will be sought with the
Tunisian national migration strategy, and in particular the first component focusing on making
the strategy operational and the fourth component on local integration led by the French
Development Agency (AFD).
The tool is embedded in the EUROMED Migration IV (EMM4) programme funded by the European
Union (EU).
15 ICMPD and partner UN-Habitat were selected among over 5,000 applicants to co-organise a side event on the
multi-dimensional reality of migration at the Habitat III conference in Quito. As one of two side events
addressing migration, MC2CM was here showcased, alongside MIEUX, as a concrete tool for local
authorities to improve migration governance at this event taking place in Quito in 2016.
9
2.5.
Donor coordination
Donors (European Commission and Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation) and
projects partners (ICMPD, UCLG and UN-Habitat) will form the Project Steering Group
(PSG) which will meet at a number of occasions throughout the project to ensure a
streamlining of activities among the partners and ensure that the expertise of all partner
agencies is harnessed to the extent possible. Donors and Partners, as well as a select number
of cities, will meet in dedicated PSG meetings to approve the final work plan, including
involvement of selected cities, evaluate the implementation of the action, regularly monitor
project activities, conduct a target-performance review and identify success factors and
lessons learned.
3.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
3.1.
Objectives
The overall objective of the programme is to contribute to improved, rights-based migration
governance at local level in cities of the 5 Countries of the North of Africa region and two
cities from Middle East16, notably through partnership with cities in Europe, with a specific
focus on integration and inclusion.
The specific objectives are:
Dialogue:
3.1.1. To improve mechanisms for multi-level governance on migration and migrant
integration and inclusion in the 5 Countries of the North of Africa and
enhance horizontal and vertical inter-institutional cooperation and
coordination, facilitating holistic approaches to migrant inclusion
Knowledge:
3.1.2. To generate and disseminate knowledge about the local dimension of migrant
integration in the Euro-Mediterranean region and within the Southern
Neighbourhood, notably North of African Countries and Lebanon and
Jordan
Action:
3.1.3. To reinforce the capacity of the targeted local authorities to address migrant
integration and inclusion, including socio-economic opportunities for the
wider population
Cross-cutting communications and dissemination:
3.1.4. To counter the negative perception of migration at the local level and
promote a human-rights approach through targeted communications
actions
3.2.
Expected results and main indicative activities
Activities will continue to be organised under the components DIALOGUE, KNOWLEDGE
and ACTION. Communication and dissemination will be an integral element that will be
mainstreamed at every level of action, delivery and implementation.
16 The continued participation to the Project of the Cities of Beirut and Amman is funded by the co-funding from
the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC)
10
DIALOGUE COMPONENT
Result 1: 20 City Stakeholder Group networks (including 9 current MC2CM Cities and 11
additional cities), involving local and central government representatives, NGOs, private
sector and experts for stakeholder dialogue, data collection and the development of City
Priority Papers on migration planning, are established and conduct regular meetings
discussing priorities agreed.
Indicative activities:
Description
Deliverables
1.1 Peer learning activities to implement - 6 regional learning events
MC2CM policy recommendations
- 2 national-based seminars (in Morocco and
1.2 Regional peer-to-peer events on
Tunisia) expanding on national specificities of
selected cross-cutting themes with a
selected themes
migrant lens consideration, focusing on
- 6 webinars on technical/specific focus
identified needs of South Mediterranean - 6 thematic learning reports
participants, notably Countries of North
of African, Lebanon and Jordan
1.3 National peer-to-peer events on
selected themes (South - South
cooperation)
1.4 Web-based learning modules
KNOWLEDGE COMPONENT
Result 2: 20 City Migration Dashboards for sustainable knowledge-based local migration
governance are elaborated and updated showing quality, disaggregated local data on
migration situation, cross-time comparison of situation and migratory routes in a way that is
user-friendly and disseminated to participating cities and networks.
Indicative activities:
Description
Deliverables
2.1 Data collection and indicators on
- 11 new City Migration Profiles
local dimension of migration
- 20 City Migration Dashboards providing
2.2 City Migration Profiles for new
longitudinal overview of migration scenario,
cities
migration visuals created and hosted through
2.3 Migration Dashboard production
i.Map
and data visualisation
- data visualisation of routes of migration
2.4 Collection of data detailing
migration routes by city/region or origin
and city/region of destination
ACTION COMPONENT
Result 3: 4 cities from the North of African Countries are empowered to act as champions of
migration management by twinning with counterparts from the Neighbourhood South and
delivering training on migration governance and urban development so that these can be
better prepared to address migration challenges and opportunities.
Result 4: 16 targeted City Projects for the cities in the North of African Countries, Lebanon
and Jordan are implemented to address identified gaps and priorities and representing
11
migration as an effective tool for urban development and balancing the narrative on
migration.
Indicative activities:
Description
Deliverables
3.1 Tailored city-to-city transfer
- 2 tailored city-to-city policy transfer using
sessions (training imparted by city
tried and tested methodology of MTM South-
authority to interested audience with a
South Expert Exchange Mechanism (SSEE)
South-South component emphasis)
- city programming tools developed (to address
3.2 Secondments for municipal staff
identified challenges)
3.3 Devising of city-to-city decentralised
- 3 secondments of municipal staff to another
cooperation and twinnings
city, visit programme and report from visit
3.4 Targeted city actions on the basis of - 16 targeted city actions developed locally to
needs assessment
address identified needs and bring together
3.5 Actions to counter the narrative on
cities connected by migration realities and
migration at the local level
paths to devise joint cooperation on same target
population – developing of a roadmap for
3.6 Strengthening capacities of cities as
addressing mobility challenges
migration stakeholders in the
international scene, such as contribution - local strategies to promote diversity and
to implementation of Global Compact
counter the narrative on migration, including
on Migration, SDGs and New Urban
involvement of National Associations of Local
Agenda
Authorities in disseminating messages to a
wide range of cities in each country, and
participation in devising the multi-dimensional
component of the EuroMed Migration
Knowledge and Communication Initiative17
- 1 MC2CM event held alongside
Mediterranean Migrant Days18
- roadmap of actions to contribute to global
policy processes on migration
COMMUNICATION AND DISSEMINATION – HORIZONTAL/CROSS-CUTTING
Indicative activities:
Description
Deliverables
4.1 Milestone events
- 1 implementation assessment report of policy
4.2 Review implementation of policy
recommendations
recommendation implementation
- 2 high-level events to reaffirm commitments
4.3 High-level events
of policy recommendations, invite new cities to
join and share tools
5.1 Dissemination activities
- web-based local migration hub highlighting
17 The Migration Knowledge and Communication Initiative in the Euro-Mediterranean region is an initiative
proposed by ICMPD to address the major challenges related to communication on migration and how
knowledge is made accessible and used to bring about a balanced narrative on migration. The initiative
which is currently under development would, if retained for funding, establish a concerted strategy and
set out synergies with related initiatives such as MC2CM.
18 Mediterranean Migrant Days is an initiative planned in the framework of the Migration Knowledge and
Communication Initiative (see above footnote). Events would be convened in cities across the
Mediterranean to promote a positive outlook of migration at local and national levels.
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5.2 Development of project web-based
project outputs
communication tools/platforms
- knowledge management tools
5.3 Developing knowledge management
- presentation of MC2CM at relevant events,
tools for partners
organisation of joint events with relevant
5.4 Providing input to policy processes
initiatives
such as local implementation of
- 3 steering group meetings
European Migration Agenda; Global
- project reports
Migration Compact, SDGs, New Urban
Agenda
5.5 Project management (coordination,
steering group, reporting, monitoring
and evaluation)
Narrative description of activity components:
The policy recommendations to be adopted by mayors at the closing conference of MC2CM
at the end of 2017 will become the framework for implementation for the second phase of
MC2CM - thus ensuring relevance and political buy-in.
The Dialogue component will follow MC2CM implementation of trainings and peer-to-peer
workshops. The peer-to-peer learnings will use the tried and tested effective learning
methodology using more focused, punctual topics of interest such as for example how to
provide services to unaccompanied minors, victims of human trafficking, assisting the family
reunification process, among others. The second phase will also see national spin-offs of peer-
to-peer events, following a similar methodology but focusing on the national context, with
reflection on multi-level and cross-city cooperation and training. National associations of
local authorities will play a key role in these national seminars. Lastly, a new element, web-
based seminars will be organised for participants to learn remotely on very specific topics
such as diversity clauses in procurement, local information campaigns on migration and
others that will be defined on a needs basis and serve as dissemination moments for
inspirational practices and tools. While the virtual seminars offer the chance to gain insight
and learn about specific topics, the face-to-face peer events will continue to foster the
collegial, informal exchange and networking atmosphere that engenders collaboration.
In the Knowledge component, the collection of data in new cities will continue to spark the
local reflection process on migration. This data will be extrapolated to add into the enriching
annals of MC2CM which will have a powerful data source and set that can be widely shared
and disseminated. The Profiles devised in the 11 incoming cities will also feed into the
drafting of city Priorities for new network participants. The City Migration Dashboards will
round off the use of accrued knowledge by making it available in a way that is understood,
used and applied by relevant stakeholders.
The reinforced Action component of the second phase of MC2CM will build upon the success
of the pilot projects and set out innovative actions such as bi-lateral cooperation on the basis
of migratory routes (identified through the knowledge component), staff secondments will
take place among cities to build capacity of municipal staff, and innovative urban actions
developed to address the identified needs on the ground, with a specific focus on engaging
private sector and in balancing the narrative on migration at the local level.
Across all components, there will be a comprehensive strategy to disseminate findings and
lessons from the projects to a wider audience of local authorities, public authorities, migrant
organisations, NGOs and relevant practitioners and to engage with initiatives seeking to
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balance the narrative on migration, of which MC2CM will have an accrued solid basis of
objective data to contribute.
3.3.
Risks
Risks
Risk level
Assumptions
Mitigation measures
(H/M/L)
Risk of political
Low to Medium
Targeted countries
The political situation is constantly
instability in the
and local
monitored. Contingency plans are
region and possible Among the
authorities have a
put in place and triggered if one of
changes in local
targeted
level of stability
the target regions becomes unstable,
government
countries, there
necessary for
which does not have a fundamental
are varying
implementation of
impact on the delivery of the
degrees of
long-term actions.
objectives of the programme.
democratic
certainty, with
Participating local
Sustainability is ensured through
some of the less
authorities have a
enshrining the learning process in an
stable
level of functioning institutional and technical reform, on
democracies
democracy and
the basis of pragmatic approach, that
representing a
bureaucracy.
will remain relevant and in place
higher risk level
despite any political changes.
than others.
Lack of political
Low to Medium
Local and national
Local governments are asked to
will from public
authorities are
commit to the policy principles as a
authorities to
committed to
pre-condition to engagement in the
engage in the
improvement and
project. The existing network acts as
process
learning and see
a champion to bring in interested
added value in
parties.
participating in the
In countries where there is a low
programme
level of decentralization, national
governments are involved alongside
selected local authorities in relevant
activities set out for them.
City actors face
Low
As long as the
The target groups is involved in the
migration project
subject matter
development and implementation of
fatigue
remains relevant
activities, thus ensuring relevance.
and of added value, A focal point in the city acts as a
city officials and
bridge-builder for a range of actors
other relevant
that can implement activity on the
actors will
ground. The effects from the first
participate in
phase are documented so that
activities.
potential participants can be inspired
by the potential of actions.
3.4.
Crosscutting issues
The action will follow a rights-based approach and activities will be implemented using the
principles of equality and non-discrimination, ensuring transparency and accountability as well as
respect for diversity.
Special attention will be given to the gender dimension of local challenges and particular needs of
specific minorities and vulnerable groups.
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A holistic approach will be applied to the issue of migration, using issues such as urban
development, service provision (health, employment, education, waste management) as well as
economic development as entry points to the topic of migration and inclusion.
3.5.
Stakeholders
The primary target group of actions will be cities, including intermediary cities, who will
make up the enlarged network, including those currently involved in MC2CM, as well as
some regional and national governments who will be recruited in the network to reinforce the
multi-level governance and participatory dimension of the action.
National Associations of Local Authorities will be involved in the project to help disseminate
the findings, generate a critical mass and create a multiplying effect for the project’s results
and actions. While the urban dimension is an important focus of the MC2CM, expertise and
findings generated can be widely disseminated through the associations to relevant towns and
rural communities where these can have a marked impact. Contacts with a wide range of
associations of local authorities and cities are being established to ensure preliminary interest
and availability to participate.
Private sector involvement will be sought through invitation to local City Stakeholder Groups
but also targeted participation in activities related to local economic development and
partnerships.
Given the learnings from the first phase implementation of the MC2CM project, the selection
process for participating cities will be done in a flexible manner, bearing in mind the various
situations and competences of the relevant authorities.
Method for selection and recruitment of local partners:
• Cities already involved in the project (Amman, Beirut, Lisbon, Lyon, Madrid, Tangier,
Turin, Tunis, Vienna) have signalled their interest in continued involvement and will
reconfirm this commitment by signing up to the policy recommendations. They would
take the role of champions of the project allowing them to impart the learnings from
the first phase to a wider audience as well as delve more in depth into the targeted city
actions undertaken.
• New cities are invited to sign up to the policy recommendations – a selection is made
from these cities on the basis of established criteria (migration situation, urban
development stage, size and regional importance, geographic balance overall) – see
list of targeted cities below.
• National authorities are invited to participate in the selection process. Particular
attention will be paid to ensure inclusive participation of stakeholders in countries with
high level of centralisation. A flexible approach will be adopted in the identification
of partner cities and close involvement of relevant EU Delegations sought.
• A select number of localities from the greater neighbourhood and Sub-Saharan Africa
will be identified through the migration routes mapping and engaged in punctual
decentralised cooperation dialogues and actions with an approach linked to migration
and development (i.e use diaspora and decentralized cooperation as a vector for
improving living conditions for local residents - service provision, health, education,
local economic development, etc.)
Throughout project implementation:
- UCLG dedicated commissions serve as channels of dissemination and input on
particular related themes/areas
15
- Civil society/migrant organisations are involved as part of the City Stakeholder Group
to provide input and co-create concerted actions
Below is an indicative list of city authorities that could take part in activities, selected on the
basis of criteria and preliminary contact with national and local authorities, namely in Algeria,
Morocco and Libya. National associations of local authorities in Burkina Faso, Senegal and
Mali are targeted as active members of UCLG with an effective track record in implementing
successful actions, and identified European cities have also signalled interest in involvement.
Current MC2CM network 9
Amman*, Beirut*, Lisbon, Lyon, Madrid, Tangier, Turin,
cities:
Tunis, Vienna
Targeted Southern
Algiers and Oran, Sousse, Fès, Tripoli and Sabha +
Neighbourhood cities:
intermediary cities through established association of local
authorities in Tunisia and Morocco.
Ad hoc involvement on specific
Doha, Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Kuwait City
activities of cities/city
Local association representatives and cities from Burkina Faso,
associations in greater
Senegal, Mali
neighbourhood and Sub-Saharan
Africa
*participation of cities from MENA region to be supported by the Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SDC)
A broader audience of city authorities from several parts of the Mediterranean area and
neighbour regions will benefit from the learnings that will be disseminated in a way that they
can be transferred and also via involvement of national association of local authorities.
The final beneficiaries are migrants19 including refugees, IDPs and asylum seekers who will
benefit from improved services and migration governance in their respective localities as well
as host societies and communities who will benefit from improved urban development
stemming.
4.
IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES
4.1.
Financing agreement, where applicable
In order to implement this action, it is not foreseen to conclude a financing agreement with the
partner countries, referred to in Article 184(2)(b) of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012.
4.2.
Indicative period of operational implementation
The implementation period will be 36 months. The current implementation period will not go
beyond 31 December 2020.
19 For the purposes of the action, ‘migrant’ is hereby defined in line with the definition of the International
Organisation for Migration as any person who is moving or has moved across an international border or
within a country away from his/her habitual place of residence. This broad definition is further
developed and refined in the framework of activities of the project to acknowledge context of cities
where ‘migrant’ connotes different statuses/concepts.
16
4.3.
Implementation components and modules
Direct award in the form of a Pagoda 2 delegated agreement to the International Centre for
Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) (indirect management). ICMPD is a European
leading international organisation with extensive experience in migration policy development
and management, including institutional capacity-building across the various migration
subfields.
The project will consolidate the partnership established under MC2CM involving the
International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD), UN-Habitat as partner and
United Cities and Local Governments (UCLG) through a grant agreement.
Established in 1993, ICMPD offers over 20 years of experience promoting innovative,
comprehensive and sustainable migration policies and initiatives in Europe and beyond. The
organisation has also ample experience working with Member States and other national
governments in development and implementation of long-term strategies to cope with the
migration phenomenon. ICMPD will lead the overall project implementation, including day-
to-day management and logistics for all activities, as well as provide input and lead on
implementation of selected actions, providing expertise on migration-related matters. ICMPD
will also lead on the Knowledge and Communications components where it has acquired
expertise, know-how and resources to bring the work forward.
UCLG is the global organisation that represents local governments. The network covers over
240.000 towns, cities, regions and metropolises and over 175 associations of local and
regional governments in 140 countries and represents 5 billion people across the world.
UCLG will provide expertise and mechanisms to effectively reach out to its members:
networks of local authorities and local authorities themselves, including implementation of
effective peer learning tools and observatories, definition and dissemination of technical and
policy recommendation at local, national and international level. They will lead on the
Dialogue component, reaching out to their membership of associations of local authorities and
use their acquired expertise and knowledge in methodology of peer learning to generate
effective results and outputs that can prove useful to the target audience.
UN-Habitat is the United Nations programme mandated by the UN General Assembly to
address the issues of urban growth. It has 40 years of experience and knowledge on urban
development processes, and works to promote socially and environmentally sustainable
human settlements development and the achievement of adequate shelter for all. They will
provide expertise sustainable urban development, with a focus on housing, and making the
link to the New Urban Agenda and SDG11. UN-Habitat will lead on the implementation of
the Action component and in particular the Targeted City Projects through active involvement
of field offices operating on the ground of the involved municipalities. They will also lead on
the regional learning events, seminars, webinars, and learning reports focusing on their areas
of expertise, namely: housing, urban planning, slum upgrading, forced evictions, basic
services such as water and sanitation.
17
4.4.
Indicative budget
Action
Amount in EUR
Total contribution from EU
5 550 000
Co-financing from Swiss Agency for Development and
250 000
Cooperation
Co-financing from Implementing Partners
275 000
Total costs of Action
6 075 000
The co-financing contribution of 250,000 EUR from the Swiss Agency for Development and
Cooperation (SDC) will cover the participation of cities from Middle East.
4.5.
Monitoring, evaluation and audit
Partners implementing this Action will comply with the ad hoc Monitoring and Evaluation
Framework developed for the Trust Fund's North of Africa Window as well as with the
reporting requirements and tools being developed by the EU Trust Fund. In addition to
monitoring mechanisms at the level of projects, the Result Oriented Monitoring of the
Commission will be used as in-house tool contributing to a regular assessment of progress. A
final evaluation will be carried out for this action or its components via independent
consultants contracted by the European Commission. Without prejudice to the obligations
applicable to contracts concluded for the implementation of this action, ad hoc audits or
expenditure verification assignments could be contracted by the European Commission.
Audits and expenditure verification assignments will be carried out in conformity with the
risk analysis in the frame of the yearly Audit Plan exercise conducted by the European
Commission. Evaluation and audit assignments will be implemented through service
contracts; making use of one of the Commission’s dedicated framework contracts or
alternatively through the competitive negotiated procedure or the single tender procedure.
4.6.
Communication and visibility
All implementing partners in receipt of funds from the Trust Fund shall take all appropriate
steps to publicise the fact that an action has received funding from the EU under the Trust
Fund. These measures shall be based on a specific
Communication and Visibility Plan of the
Action, to be elaborated by each implementing partner at the start of implementation on the
basis of the Communication and Visibility Manual for EU External Action20. Appropriate
contractual obligations shall be included in, respectively, the grant contracts, and/or
delegation agreements.
Beyond communicating on the project outputs, the action will apply a communications
strategy and tools to set out targeted actions that will contribute to a more balanced narrative
on migration.
20
http://ec.europa.eu/europeaid/work/visibility/index_en.htm_en
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