Ref. Ares(2018)4147635 - 07/08/2018
Technical Specifications for
Milk
Specification code:
DAIMLK010
V16.0 is the 1st version of WFP
Version:
V16.0 draft
specification for milk.
Date of issue:
26 May 2016 Developed:
Van Hoan NGUYEN, OSPFQ- WFP
Reviewed:
Charles JELENSPERGER, OSPFQ- WFP, Mohamed NASSER, RBC-WFP
Approved
: Shane PRIGGE, OSPFQ- WFP
1. SCOPE
This standard prescribes the requirements for
Milk that WFP receives from donors or
purchases then distributes to beneficiaries.
2. STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The specification of
Milk was elaborated after consulting the standards of potential origin
and recipient countries.
The following referenced standards are indispensable for the application of this
specification. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced standard (including any amendments) applies.
- CAC/MRL 02, Maximum residue limits for veterinary drugs in foods
- CAC/RCP 57, Code of hygiene practice for milk and milk products
- CODEX STAN 1: General standard for the labelling of pre-packaged foods
- CODEX STAN 192, Codex general standard for food additives
- CODEX STAN 193, Codex general standard for contaminants and toxins in foods
- CODEX STAN 206, General Standard for the Use of Dairy Terms
- Milk and Milk products_ Codex second edition, 2011.
3. DEFINITIONS
3.1 Product:
Milk that is covered by the provision of this specification
3.2 Cow milk:
The normal mammary secretion of cow obtained from one or more milkings without either
addition to it or extraction from it, intended for consumption as liquid milk or for further
processing.
3.3 Homogenization
Process by which milk fat globules are finely divided and interspersed to form a
homogeneous product so as to prevent the fat from floating on the surface and adhering to
the inside of the container.
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3.4 Commercial sterilization
The application of heat at high temperatures for a time sufficient to render milk or milk
products commercially sterile, thus resulting in products that are safe and microbiological
stable at room temperature.
4. PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
4.1 General requirements
4.1.1 Contaminant
Product shall comply with the Maximum Levels for contaminants that are specified for the
product in the
General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed (CODEX
STAN 193-1995).
The milk used in the manufacture of product shall comply with the Maximum Levels for
contaminants and toxins specified for milk by the
General Standard for Contaminants and
Toxins in Food and Feed (CODEX STAN 193-1995) and with the maximum residue limits for
veterinary drug residues and pesticides established for milk by the CAC.
4.1.2 Hygiene
Product shall be prepared and handled in accordance with the appropriate sections of the
General Principles of Food Hygiene (CAC/RCP 1-1969), the
Code of Hygienic Practice for Milk
and Milk Products (CAC/RCP 57-2004) and other relevant Codex texts such as Codes of
Hygienic Practice and Codes of Practice. The products should comply with any
microbiological criteria established in accordance with the
Principles and Guidelines for the
Establishment and Application of Microbiological Criteria Related to Foods (CAC/GL 21-1997).
4.1.3 Food additives
No additives are allowed.
4.1.4 Fit for human consumption guarantee
Suppliers shall have to check the quality of the products and guarantee that the products are
‘fit for human consumption’.
4.2 Specific requirements
4.2.1 Product type
Product shall be made from cow milk that is homogenised, standardised to a specific level of
fat and processed to be commercially sterile. Please refer to contract requirement for fat
level and type of milk (Full fat milk, Fat reduced milk, or Fat free milk).
4.2.2 Characteristics
Product shall also comply with all requirements from table 1.
4.2.3 Shelf life
Product shall retain table 1 qualities for at least 6 months from date of manufacture when
stored dry at ambient temperatures prevalent in the country of destination.
5. PACKAGING
Product must be packed in appropriate packaging which safeguard the hygienic, nutritional,
technological, and organoleptic qualities of the product. The containers, including packaging
material, shall be made of substances which are safe and suitable for their intended use.
They should not impart any toxic substance or undesirable odour or flavour to the product.
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5.1 Primary packaging
Unless otherwise specified in the contract, product shall be packed in Tetra Pak®, Combibloc®, or
equivalent. Please refer to contractual requirement for net weight of the primary pack.
5.2 Secondary packaging
The carton used to pack the primary packaging of product shall be fit for export and
multiple-harsh handing. The cartons should meeting the following requirements or
something equivalent:
- Number of ply: 5
- Total grammage: MIN. 870 gsm
- Edge Crush Test: MIN. 12 kN/m
Carton must be fully filled and glued. Secondary packaging (e.i. cartons with full product)
must pass the drop test as per ISTA 2A standard (after each drop, there shall be no rupture
or loss of contents) following appropriate drop test standards.
Two percent empty, marked cartons (included in the price) must be sent with the lot.
Unless fully shrink wrapped pallets are used, dunnage (of strong sheets such as carton,
plywood…) should be placed inside each container at every three layers of cartons to provide
the required stacking strength. In addition protecting material like air bag, carton,
polystyrene, can be used.
Note: For shipping containers, unless fully shrink wrapped pallet are used, and
unless
otherwise specified in the contract, kraft paper must be adhered to all internal sides, door,
and floor of container. Kraft paper also need to be placed on the top of packaging. Desiccant
needs to be placed/laid in container at appropriate location in order to absorb moisture.
Supplier needs to use high quality desiccant and calculate the quantity of desiccant based on:
-
Efficiency of desiccant
-
Length of time in transit in container
-
Container capacity
Supplier needs to provide in the offer the type of desiccant and quantity to be used for the
consignment. If silica gel is used, 15 bags of at least 1 kg each must be placed in each 20 feet
container.
6. MARKING
The making of product shall comply with the provisions of the General Standard for the
Labelling of Pre-packaged Foods (CODEX STAN 1-1985) and the General Standard for the Use
of Dairy Terms (CODEX STAN 206-1999).
Unless otherwise specified in the contract, the products must have below making:
Name of the product
Net content
Name and address of the supplier (including country of origin)
Production lot
Production date
Best use before date
Recommended storage condition : stored dry at ambient temperatures
Additional marking is as per contractual agreement.
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7. STORING
Product shall be stored under dry, ventilated and hygienic conditions and far from all source
of contaminations.
8. ANALYTICAL REQUIREMENTS
As per contractual agreement, WFP will appoint an inspection company that will check that
product matches requirements specified in Table 1. Additional tests may be defined in case
further quality assessment is required. This will be performed in addition to analysis
performed by supplier according to his own sampling plan.
Table 1: List of compulsory tests and reference methods
Requirements
Reference
methods
(Or
No Tests
Full fat Fat reduced Fat free
equivalent, latest
milk
milk
milk
version)
1
Fat (%, m/m)
MIN. 3.0
0.5 – 3.0
MAX. 0.5 ISO 1211
ISO 1211 and
2
Milk solids not fat (%, m/m)
MIN. 8.25
ISO 6731
Acidity (expressed in lactic
3
MAX. 0.17
DIN 10316
acid) (%, m/m)
4
Alcohol test (68% ethanol)
Negative
5
Phosphatase test
Negative
ISO 11816-1
6
Coliforms
Absent in 1g
ISO 4832
7
Salmonella
Absent in 25g
ISO 6785
8
Total Plate Count (cfu/ml)
0
AOAC 986.32
9
Aflatoxin M1 (mcg/kg)
MAX. 0.1
AOAC 986.16
Normal in colour, smell, taste and
texture.
Organoleptic
10
Organoleptic characteristics
Homogenous and free from
examination
impurities and foreign matters.
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