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OVERVIEW OF CIVILIAN CSDP MISSIONS – CURRENT
AND PAST
MIDDLE EAST
1.
EUJUST LEX-Iraq, Mar 05 - Dec 13. Operating between 2005 and 2013, it aimed at
strengthening Rule of Law in its complexity, with a full array of necessary expertise
and assistance ranging from police to justice, penitentiary, human rights and gender.
2.
EUPOL - COPPS (Occupied Palestinian territories), Jan 06 - 30 Jun 19, EU Police
and Rule of Law Mission, contributes to the establishment of sustainable and effective
policing and wider criminal justice arrangements under Palestinian ownership in
accordance with best international standards, in cooperation with the EU’s institution
building programmes as well as other international efforts in the wider context of
Security Sector and Criminal Justice Reform.
3.
EUBAM Rafah (Occupied Palestinian territories), 25 Nov 05 - 30 Jun 19, EU Border
Assistance Mission for the Rafah Crossing Point. The Mission provides a “Third
Party” presence at the Rafah Crossing Point on the Gaza-Egypt border mandated to
monitor, verify and evaluate the performance of the Palestinian Authority (PA) border
police and customs services at the RCP and to contribute to confidence building
between Israel and the PA.
4.
EUAM Iraq 16 Oct 17 - 17 Oct 19, EU Advisory Mission in support of SSR in Iraq,
focuses on assisting the Iraqi authorities in the implementation of the civilian aspects
of the Iraqi security strategy. EU experts provide advice and assistance in priority
work areas responding to the needs of the relevant authorities, assist the EU
Delegation in the coordination of EU and Member States actions in this sector and
also to assess potential further EU engagement in the Security Sector Reform in the
long term in the context of the future EU policy towards Iraq.
EUROPE
5.
EUPOL Proxima (Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia), Dec 03 - Dec 05.
Proxima police experts did monitor, mentor and advise the country's police thus
helping to fight organised crime as well as promoting European standards of policing.
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6.
EUPAT (EU Police Advisory Team Mission in the Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonia) Dec 05 – Jun 06. The launch of EUPAT followed the termination on 14
December 2005 of the mandate of the EU Police Mission PROXIMA, launched on 15
December 2003. EUPAT included around 30 police advisors and supported the
development of an efficient and professional police service based on European
standards of policing
7.
EUPM BiH Bosnia and Herzegovina, Jan 03 - Jun 12.
The first civilian CSDP
Mission. In line with the general objectives of the Paris/Dayton Agreement, EUPM
sought to establish sustainable policing arrangements under BiH ownership in
accordance with best European and international practice.
8.
EUJUST Themis (Georgia), Jul 04 - Jul 05, the EU Rule of Law Mission to Georgia
was the
first Rule of Law mission launched by the EU in the context of the European
Security and Defence Policy (ESDP). In the framework of EUJUST THEMIS, senior
and highly experienced personnel supported, mentored and advised Ministers, senior
officials and appropriate bodies at the level of the central government.
9.
EUPT Kosovo, Apr 06 - Feb 08, EU Planning Team (EUPT Kosovo) regarding a
possible EU crisis management operation in the field of rule of law and possible other
areas in Kosovo.
10. EULEX Kosovo, 04 Feb 08 - 14 Jun 20. The EULEX objective is to support selected
rule of law institutions in Kosovo on their path towards increased effectiveness,
sustainability, multi-ethnicity, accountability, free from political interference, and in
full compliance with international human rights standards and best European practices
through monitoring activities and limited executive functions – with the aim to hand
over remaining tasks to other long-term EU instruments and phase out of residual
executive functions. In addition it continues to provide support to the implementation
of the EU-facilitated Dialogue agreements, as necessary, and the Specialist
Chambers/Specialist Prosecutor’s office (SC/SPO), within its means and capabilities.
11.
EUMM Georgia, 15 Sep 08 - 14 Dec 18. The
Mission was deployed in line with the
EU-brokered Six-Point Agreement which ended the August 2008 armed conflict in
Georgia. EUMM
provides civilian monitoring of Parties' actions, including full
compliance with the Six-Point Agreement and its implementing measures throughout
Georgia.
12.
EUAM Ukraine, 22 Jul 14 – 31 May 2019, supports Ukrainian political and
institutional actors on Civilian Security Sector Reform. It delivers its mandate through
three Lines of Operation (LO): LO1 – strategic advice, LO2 – operational support to
ensure implementation of the strategic advice (through trainings, round tables, study
trips, small-scale equipping projects etc.) and LO3 – coordination and cooperation
with other EU actors and international donors in Ukraine.
ASIA
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13.
AMM (Aceh Province, Indonesia), Sep 05 - Dec 06, The European Union, together
with contributing countries from ASEAN, as well as with Norway and Switzerland,
deployed the Aceh Monitoring Mission which was designed to monitor the
implementation of various aspects of the peace agreement set out in the Memorandum
of Understanding (MoU) signed by the Government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh
Movement (GAM) on 15 August 2005. The AMM became operational on 15
September 2005, the date on which the decommissioning of GAM armaments and the
relocation of non-organic military and policy forces began.
14.
EUPOL AFGHANISTAN (Afghanistan), 12 Jun 07 - 31 Dec 16. The Mission
supported the reform efforts of the Afghan Government in building a civilian police
service that operates within an improved rule of law framework and in respect of
human rights. The Mission focused on institutional reform of the Ministry of Interior
(MoI) and on the professionalisation of the Afghan National Police, including the
development of local training capacity and institutions. In addition, it supported the
improved interaction among Afghan law enforcement and criminal justice actors such
as cooperation between police officers and prosecutors in criminal investigations.
AFRICA
15.
EUPOL RD CONGO, Apr 05 - Jun 07, was a European Union police mission in the
Democratic Republic of the Congo providing assistance, mentoring, support and
advice to the Congolese authorities for security sector reform (SSR) in the fields of
policing and its interaction with the justice system. It also operated in cross-cutting
areas of SSR, particularly human rights, gender, the protection of children in armed
conflicts and the fight against impunity for sexual violence.
16.
EU SSR Guinea-Bissau, Jun 08 - Sep 10, was the
first mission planned entirely at the
headquarters for EU civilian crisis management operations - the Civilian Planning
and Conduct Capability (CPCC). The specific objective of the mission was to
operationalise the National SSR Strategy through assisting in the development of
detailed implementation plans for downsizing and restructuring the Armed Forces and
the Security Forces. The mission consisted of military and civilian advisers.
17.
EUVASEC South Sudan, Sep 12 - Jan 14. The EU Aviation Security Mission
(EUAVSEC) in South Sudan was a non-executive civilian mission, and the European
Union’s first engagement in South Sudan under the EU's Common Security and
Defence Policy. The mission responded to South Sudan's request for EU support to
strengthening security at Juba International Airport.
18.
EUCAP SOMALIA, Horn of Africa and the Western Indian Ocean, 01 Jul 12 – 31
Dec 18, The Mission contributes to the resilience and capacity building of Somali
federal and regional maritime civilian law enforcement capabilities. The central aim of
the Mission's mandate is to advise the Somali federal and regional authorities on the
development of the Somali coast guard and maritime policing functions in the coastal
zone, both at land and sea.
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19.
EUPOL RD Congo, 01 Jul 07 - 30 Sep 14, was a European Union police mission in
the Democratic Republic of the Congo providing assistance, mentoring, support and
advice to the Congolese authorities for security sector reform (SSR) in the fields of
policing and its interaction with the justice system. It also operated in cross-cutting
areas of SSR, particularly human rights, gender, the protection of children in armed
conflicts and the fight against impunity for sexual violence.
20.
EUCAP Sahel Niger 15 Jul 12 – 30 Sept 20, The Mission supports Nigerien security
forces (Police Nationale, Gendarmerie Nationale, Garde Nationale) and the Nigerien
Armed Forces to reinforce the rule of law and Nigerien capacities to fight terrorism
and organised crime, in line with the EU Strategy for Security and Development. It is
primarily an advisory and training Mission.
21.
EUCAP Sahel Mali 15 Jan 15 – 14 Jan 19, Complementary to the military EUTM
Mali, the Mission supports the restructuring of the Malian internal security forces
(Police Nationale, Gendarmerie Nationale and Garde Nationale) with a view to help
Malian authorities implement their Security Sector Reform through a combination of
training activities and the provision of strategic advice. In this, it complements the
work of the EU Military Training Mission.
22.
EUBAM LIBYA 22 May 13 – 31 Dec 2018. The Mission supports the capacity of
Libyan authorities to enhance the security of their land, sea and air borders in the short
term and to develop a broader Integrated Border Management strategy in the long
term. The current mandate is to assist in a comprehensive civilian security sector
reform planning process with a view to preparing for a possible civilian Common
Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) Mission, cooperating closely with and
contributing to the United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) efforts, while
engaging and assisting the legitimate Libyan authorities in the areas of border
management, law enforcement and the broader criminal justice system.
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ANNEX I: NOT MISSIONS, BUT ACTIONS
1. AMIS 11 Support, Darfur Province (Sudan), Jul 05 - Dec 07. The European Union
established an EU civilian-military action to support the African Union's enhanced
Mission to Sudan / Darfur, AMIS, at the request of the African Union (AU), on 18
July 2005. During its two-and-a-half-year term, the EU action made available
equipment and assets, provided planning and technical assistance and deployed
military observers. It trained African troops, helped with tactical and strategic
transportation and provided police assistance and training
. The EU deployed several
dozen military and civilian personnel to AMIS during the two-and-a-half-year
mandate.
2.
Regional Coordination Cell Sahel, launched 20/06/2017, The regionalisation of
CSDP action in the Sahel is an initiative combining civilian and military activities
with the aim to enhance internal security and defence co-operation of the 5 G5 Sahel
countries (Mauritania, Mali, Burkina-Faso, Niger and Chad). The strategic objectives
for the Regionalisation of CSDP actions in the Sahel are:
- To support cross-border cooperation;
- To support regional cooperation structures, in particular those of the G5 Sahel,
- In this context, to enhance the national capacities of the G5 Sahel countries.
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